Eclipse创建SpringMVC项目

康弟弟2024-05-292025-09-03

1. 创建项目

1.1 创建动态页面

在Eclipse中创建Dynamic Web Project

微信图片_20240529235826.png

微信图片_20240529235934.png

针对上图，如果在创建项目时忘记勾选了，项目没有web.xml怎么办呢？不要慌张！
解决方法：
右键你的项目–>Java EE Tools–>Generate Deployment Descriptor Stub–>单击
刷新你的项目，web.xml就生成啦！

1.2 导入相关的jar包

在WEB-INF下的lib中导入Spring相关的jar包
将 spring-framework 中 libs 目录下的 JAR 类库复制到 Web 工程 WEB-INF/lib 目录下。复制时只需要复制XXX.RELEASE.jar 的文件。
由于 SpringMVC 依赖于 Apache Commons Logging 组件，所以还需要复制 commons-logging-1.2.jar 文件。

2. 项目配置

2.1 web.xml

将WebContent/WEB-INF/web.xml文件中的内容替换成以下（2.3写法）

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:config/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

将WebContent/WEB-INF/web.xml文件中的内容替换成以下（2.2写法）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1">
  <display-name>HelloWorld</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <display-name>SpringMVCTest</display-name>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

*2.2 SpringMVC-servlet

在WEB-INF路径下建立一个SpringMVC-servlet文件(和2.3选择一个做法就行)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">

<!-- 扫描找到控制层 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="controller"></context:component-scan>

<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
  <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
   <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

2.3 spring-mvc.xml

在src根目录下创建一个config文件夹存放spring-mvc.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

3. 项目编写

3.1 控制层(controller)

类路径：src/controller，注意在2.2，2.3中扫描类的位置

package controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class TestController {

	@RequestMapping(value = "hello") // 表示名为hello的请求响应
	public String hello() {
		System.out.println("test success!");
		return "success";
	}

}

3.2视图层(jsp)

创建路径：WebContent/index.jsp作为首页面

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: kd_13
  Date: 2024/5/25
  Time: 16:09
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>index</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is index.jsp</h1>
<a href="hello">Click me!!</a>
</body>
</html>

路径：webapp/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Welcome</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1>康弟弟的Eclipse SpringMVC项目</h1>
</body>
</html>